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采用长期定位培肥试验的方法,在安徽省濉溪县杨柳镇试验点砂姜黑土区对单施有机肥、单施化肥、有机肥与化肥配施的作物产量和土壤养分含量动态变化趋势进行了系统分析。结果表明:在一定的培肥年限内,氮磷化肥配施有机肥或单施有机肥能明显增加土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷含量,延缓土壤钾的耗竭速度,持续稳定增加作物产量;长期单施氮磷化肥,在产量水平较低的情况下能快速提高作物产量,当达到一定水平后作物产量则在徘徊中缓慢增长,能提高速效氮、全磷、速效磷含量,而有机质、全氮增加有限。氮磷化肥配施有机肥具有持续提高产量、培肥土壤的双重效果,是砂姜黑土培肥改良较理想的施肥方式。但同时要注意钾素的补充。
The long-term fertilization experiment was conducted to study the dynamic changes of crop yield and soil nutrient content under single organic fertilizer, single chemical fertilizer, organic manure and chemical fertilizer in Shajiang black soil area in Yangliu town, Suixi county, Anhui Province System analysis. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers combined with organic fertilizers or organic fertilizers could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen and available phosphorus, and delay the depletion rate of soil potassium within a certain period of fertilization. Stable increase in crop yield; long-term single application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, the output level in the case of lower can quickly increase crop yields, when a certain level of crop production after hovering slowly increase, can increase available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus Content, while organic matter, total nitrogen increased limited. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers combined with organic fertilizer has the double effect of continuously increasing yield and fertilizing soil, and is an ideal fertilization mode for improvement of sand-lime black soil fertilization. But at the same time pay attention to potassium supplement.