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Abstract：The urban waterfront area is the important resource in the urban development and high point in the urban landscape. Various functions of the urban waterfront area are playing an increasingly active role because of the guide of protecting ecological environment and the mind of sustainable development. It also because people’s demand for spirit is raising and their hunger for hydrophilic is increasing and they pay attention to the position of the urban waterfront area. This paper will point out some problems in ecological design of the urban waterfront landscape by way of the understanding about the urban waterfront landscape and ecological design concept.， and then， I will analyze the waterfront landscape design for Qingyun lake in Xintai city and come up with design disciplines and the conceive of ecological project.
Keywords：urban waterfront；landscape； ecological design
一、The Urban Waterfront Landscape’s concept
Waterfront is explained in the Oxford English Dictionary： “Land adjacent to rivers， lakes， and oceans or building towns near the water body part”. We believe that， urban waterfront area means city water system and adjacent area.
urban waterfront Waters Functional Classification
⑴Running water function，it is divided into two parts of the flood control and water conservancy functions.
⑵Hydrophilic function， it refers to the water surface of the visual and contact conditions.
⑶Space function， also known as the open space function. It does not regard the presence of the water as conditions， including square， sports fields， pastures， bridge， ventilation， lighting and others.
⑷The natural ecological functions， including biological yield， climate regulation， air purification and water purification and other functions.
2.integral element of the urban waterfront landscape
Constituent elements include water， bridges， revetment， ladder， buildings， trees， plants， people， boats， docks， sculptures， murals and guardrail lamp and other ancillary facilities.
二、Ecological principles
⒈ Ecology
Heckler defined Ecology as： Science to study the relationship between organisms and their environment.
⒉ Ecological design theory
⑴connotations. Any design form coordinates with ecological process and try to minimize its damage to the environment impact are known as ecological design.
⑵Basic principles. Local principle； Protection and conservation of natural resources principle； the principle of respect for nature 3. The principle of landscape ecology
Landscape ecology is an ecology sub discipline what study on landscape structure， function and its change Using the ecology theory and method.
Characterized from the entire landscape， and emphasizes the interaction between ecological systems. At the same time， look the human as the main component of the landscape， and emphasis on its role in the landscape.
⒋ The ecological awareness of the waterfront natural resources
City waterfront has natural resources， and has Strong ecological.
City Waterfront’s water， plants， soil are the content of design.
⑴Ecological functions of water. Water body can adjust climate， and also show the beauty of the natural form.
⑵The ecological function of the vegetation. It is obvious that vegetation regulates microclimate. Aquatic vegetation can beautify the landscape of the body of water， purify water. The trees can reduce the wind speed， so that decreased dust carried by the air. Almost all of the vegetation is able to absorb the toxic gases of the quantitative. Vegetation can weaken the noise through reflection and absorption of sound waves.
三、the analysis of ecological problems of the urban waterfront landscape
⒈The destruction of the ecosystem
Hard revetment damages biological ecological cycle. Vertical revetment prevents the water vapor loop of the river and shore vegetation. Industrial， agricultural and domestic pollutants pollute waterfront space. A large number of construction land diverted water area， causing degradation of rivers and lakes.
⒉Excessive artificial landscaping
Nowadays， the beautiful natural scenery rarely greets the eye of people， excessive artificial landscaping， some of dining and entertainment cruises not only affect the natural landscape and directly discharged pollutants， so that the water is contaminated.
四、Design Example Analysis
⒈Instance Facts
Qingyun Lake is located east of Xintai City， and echoes Qingyun Mountain. Setting up a park here not only can make the landscape more harmonious， ecological getting better protection and to meet the Xintai public holidays， leisure， entertainment， and create a good image of the city.
⒉Design Principles
⑴To preserve and protect the natural landscape. Reservation is to take the angle of the design to a deeper level， so that man and nature live in harmony. Retention of the natural landscape should retain not only the natural look and to protect the survival of biological. Qingyun lake park design has a wealth of original ecological resources。The original green landscapes are complete protection. ⑵People-oriented，Hydrophilic ，Pro-natural. This principle is to create various forms of leisure and entertainment space for people， and also design space for people in direct contact with water. Design of Qinyun Lake Park is divided into two major river systems. The west river system is mainly hydrophilic activity area， the major eastern Fishing District. Two major surface of the water also has Outreach activities area. Eventually become the best place closing to the nature and enjoying the sun for citizen.
⑶Combined with the environment. Waterfront landscape design should be in harmony with the surrounding ecological environment.
⒊The concept of urban waterfront ecological programs
Designer respects the traditional culture and the local culture in the design process of Qingyun Lake Park， and also respect for nature protection and conservation of natural resources.
⑴building landscape Harmony King By view of Qingyun mountain， it make urban greening and qingyun lake， mountain coupling， giving people the feeling of landscape harmonious.
⑵Water purification. Waterfront landscape ecological design focused on water purification. Using the ecological system water purification method to control the water， can be the most effective method. Such as planting duckweed， and eye lotus which plants have Purification ability.
⑶Vegetation. Increased vegetation is an effective way of protecting ecology. Good quality vegetation can play ecological functions and present a quality aesthetic effect. Xintai public favorite the acacia trees deeply. The tree resistance to dust， has good ecological function， amenity and culture function. Huai flower can be available for people to watch， can also be made into delicious dishes. In addition to plant Sophia japonica in the park， cedar， pine and others are planted.
⑷Animal diversity. Animals and aquatic plants is harmonious ecosystem， which shows a vibrant scene. The variety of fish， birds， waterfowl in the water is very spiritual landscape.
⑸The use of the wooden plank. The design of wooden plank road and platform adds color to landscape environment.
⑹The application of green ecological material. Green ecological materials refer to the materials which make the relative minimum load on the earth environment in use of the process. Healthful environment material is known as the health care materials. Designer uses the green materials in the design process. Such as using litter to product wall and floor tiles.
Under waterfront landscape ecological design principles， designers should make rational use of the natural conditions of the waterfront. Make the waterfront landscape coordinates to surrounding environment， and promote sustainable urban development.
Reference：
[1].Zheng guoshuan. Water culture [J].Beijing：China Renmin University Press，1998.
[2].Zhu junzhen. Water garden art [J].Beijing：China Forestry Press，1998（02）.
Keywords：urban waterfront；landscape； ecological design
一、The Urban Waterfront Landscape’s concept
Waterfront is explained in the Oxford English Dictionary： “Land adjacent to rivers， lakes， and oceans or building towns near the water body part”. We believe that， urban waterfront area means city water system and adjacent area.
urban waterfront Waters Functional Classification
⑴Running water function，it is divided into two parts of the flood control and water conservancy functions.
⑵Hydrophilic function， it refers to the water surface of the visual and contact conditions.
⑶Space function， also known as the open space function. It does not regard the presence of the water as conditions， including square， sports fields， pastures， bridge， ventilation， lighting and others.
⑷The natural ecological functions， including biological yield， climate regulation， air purification and water purification and other functions.
2.integral element of the urban waterfront landscape
Constituent elements include water， bridges， revetment， ladder， buildings， trees， plants， people， boats， docks， sculptures， murals and guardrail lamp and other ancillary facilities.
二、Ecological principles
⒈ Ecology
Heckler defined Ecology as： Science to study the relationship between organisms and their environment.
⒉ Ecological design theory
⑴connotations. Any design form coordinates with ecological process and try to minimize its damage to the environment impact are known as ecological design.
⑵Basic principles. Local principle； Protection and conservation of natural resources principle； the principle of respect for nature 3. The principle of landscape ecology
Landscape ecology is an ecology sub discipline what study on landscape structure， function and its change Using the ecology theory and method.
Characterized from the entire landscape， and emphasizes the interaction between ecological systems. At the same time， look the human as the main component of the landscape， and emphasis on its role in the landscape.
⒋ The ecological awareness of the waterfront natural resources
City waterfront has natural resources， and has Strong ecological.
City Waterfront’s water， plants， soil are the content of design.
⑴Ecological functions of water. Water body can adjust climate， and also show the beauty of the natural form.
⑵The ecological function of the vegetation. It is obvious that vegetation regulates microclimate. Aquatic vegetation can beautify the landscape of the body of water， purify water. The trees can reduce the wind speed， so that decreased dust carried by the air. Almost all of the vegetation is able to absorb the toxic gases of the quantitative. Vegetation can weaken the noise through reflection and absorption of sound waves.
三、the analysis of ecological problems of the urban waterfront landscape
⒈The destruction of the ecosystem
Hard revetment damages biological ecological cycle. Vertical revetment prevents the water vapor loop of the river and shore vegetation. Industrial， agricultural and domestic pollutants pollute waterfront space. A large number of construction land diverted water area， causing degradation of rivers and lakes.
⒉Excessive artificial landscaping
Nowadays， the beautiful natural scenery rarely greets the eye of people， excessive artificial landscaping， some of dining and entertainment cruises not only affect the natural landscape and directly discharged pollutants， so that the water is contaminated.
四、Design Example Analysis
⒈Instance Facts
Qingyun Lake is located east of Xintai City， and echoes Qingyun Mountain. Setting up a park here not only can make the landscape more harmonious， ecological getting better protection and to meet the Xintai public holidays， leisure， entertainment， and create a good image of the city.
⒉Design Principles
⑴To preserve and protect the natural landscape. Reservation is to take the angle of the design to a deeper level， so that man and nature live in harmony. Retention of the natural landscape should retain not only the natural look and to protect the survival of biological. Qingyun lake park design has a wealth of original ecological resources。The original green landscapes are complete protection. ⑵People-oriented，Hydrophilic ，Pro-natural. This principle is to create various forms of leisure and entertainment space for people， and also design space for people in direct contact with water. Design of Qinyun Lake Park is divided into two major river systems. The west river system is mainly hydrophilic activity area， the major eastern Fishing District. Two major surface of the water also has Outreach activities area. Eventually become the best place closing to the nature and enjoying the sun for citizen.
⑶Combined with the environment. Waterfront landscape design should be in harmony with the surrounding ecological environment.
⒊The concept of urban waterfront ecological programs
Designer respects the traditional culture and the local culture in the design process of Qingyun Lake Park， and also respect for nature protection and conservation of natural resources.
⑴building landscape Harmony King By view of Qingyun mountain， it make urban greening and qingyun lake， mountain coupling， giving people the feeling of landscape harmonious.
⑵Water purification. Waterfront landscape ecological design focused on water purification. Using the ecological system water purification method to control the water， can be the most effective method. Such as planting duckweed， and eye lotus which plants have Purification ability.
⑶Vegetation. Increased vegetation is an effective way of protecting ecology. Good quality vegetation can play ecological functions and present a quality aesthetic effect. Xintai public favorite the acacia trees deeply. The tree resistance to dust， has good ecological function， amenity and culture function. Huai flower can be available for people to watch， can also be made into delicious dishes. In addition to plant Sophia japonica in the park， cedar， pine and others are planted.
⑷Animal diversity. Animals and aquatic plants is harmonious ecosystem， which shows a vibrant scene. The variety of fish， birds， waterfowl in the water is very spiritual landscape.
⑸The use of the wooden plank. The design of wooden plank road and platform adds color to landscape environment.
⑹The application of green ecological material. Green ecological materials refer to the materials which make the relative minimum load on the earth environment in use of the process. Healthful environment material is known as the health care materials. Designer uses the green materials in the design process. Such as using litter to product wall and floor tiles.
Under waterfront landscape ecological design principles， designers should make rational use of the natural conditions of the waterfront. Make the waterfront landscape coordinates to surrounding environment， and promote sustainable urban development.
Reference：
[1].Zheng guoshuan. Water culture [J].Beijing：China Renmin University Press，1998.
[2].Zhu junzhen. Water garden art [J].Beijing：China Forestry Press，1998（02）.