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目的分析遗传与环境因素对童年中期双生子儿童下肢长相关指标的影响,并分析其中年龄和性别的作用。方法对呼和浩特市和包头市5~8岁171对双生子儿童下肢长相关指标进行测量,使用Mx软件拟合最佳模型,计算校正年龄前后各指标遗传与环境方差组分。结果各指标最佳拟合模型均为ACES,校正年龄后遗传度分别为:身高:男43%,女60%);坐高:男62%,女62%;下肢长:男50%,女62%;下肢长指数:男18%,女36%。身高、下肢长和下肢长指数的遗传度存在一定性别差异。结论童年中期下肢长相关指标发育受环境因素的影响较大,应通过加强营养与锻炼及控制相关疾病等改善下肢长度发育,促使儿童生长发育潜力得到更好的发挥。
Objective To analyze the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the relative indices of lower extremity length of twin children in mid-childhood and to analyze the effect of age and gender. Methods The relative indices of lower extremities of 171 twins in children aged 5 ~ 8 in Hohhot city and Baotou city were measured. The optimal model was fitted by Mx software to calculate the variance of genetic and environmental components of each index before and after the age of correction. Results The best fit model of each index was ACES. The adjusted heritabilities were: 43% male and 60% female); sitting height: 62% male and 62% female; lower limb length: 50% male and female 62%; lower extremity long index: 18% of men and 36% of women. There is a certain gender difference in the heritability of height, lower extremity length and lower extremity length index. Conclusion The development of lower limbs related indicators in middle childhood is greatly influenced by environmental factors. The development of lower limbs should be improved by strengthening nutrition and exercise and controlling related diseases, so that the potential of growth and development of children can be better exerted.