The adsorption of xenon from air has an interest in the monitoring of nuclear explosion or accident, or in the treatment of nuclear waste gas. In this paper, the pore structure of several series of activated carbon fibers has been characterized. The adsorption properties of xenon on these activated carbon fibers under different temperatures have been studied in details. The results show that the xenon adsorption amount on activated carbon fibers do not increase with specific surface area of adsorbents, but are closely related to their pore size distribution. Pores whose radius equal to or narrow than 0.4nm would be more advantageous to the adsorption of xenon. The adsorption of xenon from air has an interest in the monitoring of nuclear explosion or accident, or in the treatment of nuclear waste gas. In this paper, the pore structure of several series of activated carbon fibers has been characterized. The adsorption properties of xenon on these activated carbon fibers under different temperatures have been studied in details. The results show that the xenon adsorption amount on activated carbon fibers do not increase with specific surface area of ​​adsorbents, but are closely related to their pore size distribution. Pores whose radius equal to or narrow than 0.4nm would be more advantageous to the adsorption of xenon.