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柑橘园气候环境障碍因子主要是低温冻害、寒风危害和高温干旱危害 ,本文对其低温冻害、寒风危害和高温干旱危害的机制及表现进行了阐述。在预防改进方面 ,对新建果园首先要做到选择有利环境建园 ,包括利用水域环境资源和利用地形小气候资源 ,其次是品种的选择 ,在建园后要注意做到幼年柑橘园生态环境的保护和改善以及营造柑橘园防护林带 ;对已建成的现有柑橘园则要注意改善柑橘园的土壤环境 ,即深翻改土、熟化土壤和土壤覆盖 ,土壤覆盖可调节土壤温度、土壤含水量及影响土壤理化性状 ,最终影响柑橘树体营养水平及生长发育 ,还要注意实现科学的管理技术措施 ,从施肥、灌溉、病虫防治、修剪几个方面入手 ,达到抵御不良气候环境因子的目的。
Obstacles to climate and environment in citrus orchards are mainly low-temperature frost damage, cold wind hazards and high temperature and drought hazards. In this paper, the mechanisms and manifestations of low temperature frost damage, cold wind hazards and high temperature and drought hazards are described. In the aspect of prevention and improvement, the new orchard should first select the favorable environment for building parks, including the utilization of water resources and the use of terrain microclimate resources, followed by the selection of varieties. After the construction of the park, attention should be paid to the protection of the ecological environment of the young citrus groves And improve and create citrus groves. For existing citrus groves, we must pay attention to improving the soil environment of citrus groves, that is, deep-tillage, mature soil and soil cover, soil cover, adjustable soil temperature, soil moisture, Affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil and ultimately affect the nutritional level and growth of the citrus tree. At the same time, we must pay attention to the scientific management and technical measures to achieve the purpose of combating the adverse climate and environmental factors from fertilization, irrigation, pest control and pruning.