一、前言小儿脓胸和脓气胸多继发于肺部感染和败血症,国内外文献已累有报导。小儿重症肺炎常常合并心机能不全,中毒性脑病,呼吸衰竭,水电介质平衡紊乱等并发症,已被广大儿科医生所重视,近几年在治疗方面也取得了较好的疗效。但重症细菌性肺炎并发脓胸和脓气胸者也非少见,据报导,小儿脓胸52例,占小儿科住院患儿总数0.7%,占 First, the foreword Pediatric empyema and pus pneumothorax and more secondary to pulmonary infection and sepsis, domestic and foreign literature has been reported tired. Severe pneumonia in children often associated with cardiac insufficiency, toxic encephalopathy, respiratory failure, hydro-mechanical disorders and other complications have been the majority of pediatricians, in recent years in the treatment has also achieved good results. However, patients with severe bacterial pneumonia complicated with empyema and pus are not uncommon. According to the report, 52 cases of pediatric empyema accounted for 0.7% of the total number of pediatric inpatients, accounting for