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一、前言重水反应堆运行时,由于重水本身受快中子的辐照,产生强放射性的~(16)N,它发射高能γ,是冷却回路γ放射性的主要来源。在设计冷却回路生物屏蔽层时,其厚度主要决定于~(16)N的γ源强。此外,国外很多动力堆还利用~(16)N的γ放射性强度来监测反应堆的热功率,它具有响应时间快、不引起通量畸变等优点。因此,确切地给出冷却回路重水中~(16)N的放射性强度,无论从为堆的安全运行提供辐射剂量数据,或是为冷却回路屏蔽设计提供经验均是很有意义的。本文叙述了在我国研究性重水堆上所采用的测量和计算冷却回路重水中~(16)N浓度的方法和结果。
I. INTRODUCTION In heavy water reactor operation, because heavy water itself is irradiated by fast neutron, it produces strong radioactive (16) N, which emits high energy γ, which is the main source of radioactivity of cooling loop γ. The thickness of the biological shield in the cooling loop is mainly determined by the γ source intensity of ~ (16) N. In addition, many foreign power reactors also use the γ radioactivity intensity of ~ (16) N to monitor the reactor thermal power, which has the advantages of fast response time and no flux distortion. Therefore, it is of interest to give a precise radiometric intensity of ~ (16) N in the heavy water of the cooling circuit, either from providing radiation dose data for safe operation of the stack or providing experience for the design of the cooling circuit shield. This paper describes the methods used to measure and calculate the concentration of ~ (16) N in the heavy water of the cooling circuit used in the research heavy water reactor.