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在等氮、等磷、等钾的条件下,对番茄田分别施用化肥、沼肥加化肥、沼肥加饼肥,研究不同施肥类型对番茄田节肢动物群落结构及番茄产量的影响。结果显示,施用化肥害虫种类为2.17±0.29种/m2,害虫个体数量为48.92±2.25头/m2,目标害虫桃蚜Myzus persicae(Sulzer)个体数量为40.83±1.08头/m2,均显著高于施用沼肥加化肥和沼肥加饼肥。施用沼肥加饼肥节肢动物群落多样性指数为2.4115±0.0324,均匀度指数为0.9472±0.0205,均显著高于施用化肥和沼肥加化肥,且施用沼肥加化肥显著高于施用化肥;优势度指数为0.3987±0.0224,显著低于施用化肥。施用沼肥加饼肥节肢动物群落稳定性Ss/Si指数为0.0686±0.0007,显著高于施用化肥;Sn/Sp指数为1.4153±0.0281,显著高于施用化肥和沼肥加化肥。施用沼肥加化肥、沼肥加饼肥的番茄产量与对照施用化肥相比无显著差异。表明番茄田施用沼肥减少了化肥施用量,促进了节肢动物群落的稳定性,对番茄产量无显著影响。
The effects of different fertilization types on the community structure and tomato yield of arthropod in tomato field were studied under the conditions of equal nitrogen, equal phosphorus, and equal K under the conditions of fertilizers, biogas fertilizer plus biogas fertilizer and biogas fertilizer plus cake fertilizer respectively. The results showed that there were 2.17 ± 0.29 species / m2 of chemical pests, 48.92 ± 2.25 heads / m2 of pests and 40.83 ± 1.08 heads / m2 of target pests Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Biogas fertilizer and biogas plus fertilizer. The community diversity indices of arthropod community with biogas fertilizer plus cake and fat were 2.4115 ± 0.0324 and evenness index was 0.9472 ± 0.0205, both of which were significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizers and biogas manure plus chemical fertilizers. The biogas fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizers. The index was 0.3987 ± 0.0224, which was significantly lower than that of chemical fertilizers. The Ss / Si index was 0.0686 ± 0.0007, which was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizers. The Sn / Sp index was 1.4153 ± 0.0281, which was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizers and biogas fertilizer plus biogas fertilizer. There was no significant difference in the yield of tomato with biogas fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer, biogas plus cake fertilizer compared with the control. The results showed that the application of biogas manure in tomato field reduced the application of chemical fertilizer and promoted the stability of arthropod community, which had no significant effect on tomato yield.