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1、1866年,奥地利植物学家、修道院士格雷戈,孟得尔,通过豌豆杂交实验,奠定了遗传学的基础。他突破性的研究成果发表于奥地利的一家自然科学杂志上,但其后30多年里却无人问津。2、1882年,当德国胚胎学家沃尔森·弗莱明用显微镜观察火蜥蜴幼虫时,注意到细胞中间有一些正在分离的细线。后来被证明这些“细线”就是染色体。3、1883年,查尔斯·达尔文的堂兄弗朗西斯·高尔顿,极力倡导人类应该通过选择性的繁殖来提高人种素质。并且他杜撰出了一个新词“eugenics”(优生学)。
In 1866, the Austrian botanist and concessionist Greg, Mendel, laid the foundation of genetics through pea hybridization experiments. His groundbreaking research was published in a science journal in Austria, but for more than 30 years nobody has been able to figure it out. 2. In 1882, when the German embryologist Watson Fleming observed the salamanders larva with a microscope, he noticed that there were some fine lines separating in the middle of the cells. Later, these “thin lines” proved to be chromosomes. 3. In 1883, Charles Darwin's cousin, Francis Galton, strongly advocated that mankind should improve ethnical quality through selective breeding. And he coined a new word “eugenics” (eugenics).