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通过“实践八号”育种卫星搭载8个苜蓿Medicago sativa品种干种子,研究苜蓿根尖细胞学效应。研究结果表明,航天诱变促进了8个苜蓿品种的根尖细胞有丝分裂活动,龙牧803有丝分裂指数的辐射生物损伤增加的幅度最大,草原1号增加的幅度最小。同时,航天诱变诱发了8个苜蓿品种根尖细胞产生染色体断片、染色体粘连、游离染色体、落后染色体等畸变类型,染色体断片是主要畸变类型,Pleven6总畸变率最大,肇东苜蓿总畸变率最小,初步推断8个苜蓿品种中Pleven6对航天诱变的敏感性最高,肇东苜蓿的敏感性最低。
Eight alfalfa Medicago sativa cultivars were harvested on the “Practice No.8” breeding satellite to study the root cytology of alfalfa. The results showed that aerospace mutagenesis promoted the root tip mitotic activity of 8 alfalfa cultivars, while the radionuclide damage of mitochondrial index of Longmu 803 increased most greatly, and the increment of grassland No.1 was the smallest. At the same time, aerospace mutagenesis induced chromosome aberrations, chromosome adhesions, free chromosomes and backward chromosomes in root tip cells of eight alfalfa cultivars. Chromosome fragments were the main types of aberrations. The total aberration rate of Pleven6 was the largest and the total distortion rate of Zhaodong alfalfa was the smallest , Preliminarily concluded that Pleven6 among the eight alfalfa cultivars had the highest sensitivity to aerospace mutagenesis and the lowest sensitivity to Zhaodong alfalfa.