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通过大田试验,研究了添加燃煤脱硫废弃物和几种专用改良剂对碱化土壤性质的变化及其对油葵(Helianthusannuus)生长的影响。结果表明:二者配合施用提高了土壤有机质和养分含量,一定程度上降低了碱化度、pH和全盐含量,使油葵出苗率、株高和产量分别提高了116.7%、19.2%和140.7%以上;3种专用改良剂间,改良剂Ⅲ在提高土壤养分含量和降低碱化度和全盐含量等方面的效果最佳,其增产幅度也最高;改良剂Ⅰ的两个施用时期间,秋施显著提高了有机质、全N和碱解N含量,降低了全盐含量,提高了油葵出苗率和产量;改良剂Ⅰ的3个施用水平间,7.50 t hm-2和11.25 t hm-2的施用量下具有较高的全N和碱解N含量、较低的全盐含量和碱化度以及较高的出苗率、株高和产量。以上结果表明脱硫废弃物和改良剂及其配合施用改善了土壤物理化学性质,且有利于油葵的生长和发育。其中,改良剂Ⅲ的改良效果最佳,但其施用技术有待于进一步的研究。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of coal combustion desulfurization waste and several special amendments on the alkalization soil properties and their effects on the growth of Helianthus annuus. The results showed that the combination of the two improved soil organic matter and nutrient content, reduced alkalization degree, pH and total salt content to a certain extent, increased the emergence rate, plant height and yield of sunflower by 116.7%, 19.2% and 140.7%, respectively % Of the above; three special improver room, improver Ⅲ in improving soil nutrient content and reduce the degree of alkalinity and total salt content and other aspects of the effect of the best, the highest rate of increase; modified agent Ⅰ two application period, Autumn application significantly increased the content of organic matter, total N and alkaline solution N, decreased the content of total salt and increased the emergence rate and yield of oil sunflower. The three application levels of amendment I, 7.50 t hm-2 and 11.25 t hm- 2 had higher content of total N and alkali N, lower total salt and alkalization, higher germination rate, plant height and yield. The above results show that desulfurization waste and improver and their combination improve soil physical and chemical properties and are favorable for the growth and development of oil sunflower. Among them, the modified agent Ⅲ has the best improvement effect, but its application technology needs further study.