在我国水稻栽培历史上,传统的淹灌法延续了4,700年。据研究,生产1克稻谷需水量为178—284克,生理用水并不比一般旱作物多,但淹灌却使水稻的灌溉定额为旱作物的3～6倍。由于水田使地下水位升高和对周围旱田或荒地浸润,在一定条件下会引起沼泽化和盐渍化,致使作物减产甚至使沃土沦为不毛之地。 In the history of rice cultivation in our country, the traditional method of flooding irrigation lasted for 4,700 years. According to the study, the production of 1 gram of rice requires 178-284 grams of water, and physiological water use is no more than that of normal dry crops. However, the irrigation quota of rice is 3 to 6 times that of dry crops. As paddy fields raise the groundwater level and infiltrate the surrounding fields or wasteland, under certain conditions, it may cause swamping and salinization, resulting in crop cuts and even fertile soil becoming barren land.