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(一)诊断依据:1.主要症状:(1)肌肉症状:①急性、亚急性或慢性进行.②有时伴有肌痛.③四肢肌(特别是近位端肌肉),面肌,颈肌、咽肌、喉头肌等肌张力低下及肌萎缩,但要除外其他胶原病伴有的肌肉症状.(2)皮肤症状:面部、上胸部、四肢伸侧特别是关节背面等处,呈对称性.①紫红色的浮肿性红斑(特别是上眼睑).②毛细血管扩张、色素沉着或脱失、萎缩(皮肤异色症).(3)雷诺氏现象.(4)关节痛.2.检查所见:(1)肌肉活检;能证实肌纤维变性和炎症性反应(间质或血管周围细胞浸润)、结缔组织增生.(2)血清肌酸-磷酸激酶活性上升.(3)
(1) the diagnosis is based on: 1. The main symptoms: (1) muscle symptoms: ① acute, subacute or chronic. ② sometimes accompanied by myalgia. ③ limb muscles (especially the proximal muscle), facial muscles, , Pharyngeal muscle, laryngeal muscle and other muscle tone and muscle atrophy, but to exclude other collagen disease associated with muscle symptoms. (2) skin symptoms: facial, upper chest, limb extensor especially the back of the joints and other places, symmetrical . ① Fuchsia edematous erythema (especially the upper eyelid). ② telangiectasia, hyperpigmentation or loss, atrophy (eczema). (3) Raynaud’s phenomenon. (4) joint pain. See: (1) muscle biopsy; can confirm myofibrosis and inflammatory reaction (interstitial or perivascular infiltration), connective tissue hyperplasia. (2) serum creatine phosphokinase activity increased. (3)