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了解低剂量辐射效应等辐射生物学基本问题的关键是研究单一粒子与生物体的相互作用。然而 ,由于粒子在能量、径迹上的随机分布 ,这种单一粒子与生物体的相互作用很难在实验室中用常规照射的方法进行。微束的发展 ,特别是单粒子微束通过将精确数量的粒子准确地射入细胞或细胞的特定位置为回答这些问题提供了一个直接 ,有用的手段。该文论述了微束的历史 ,现状和未来发展 ,以及微束在辐射生物学研究中的应用。
The key to understanding the fundamental issues of radiation biology, such as low dose radiation effects, is to study the interaction of single particles with organisms. However, due to the random distribution of particles in energy and track, the interaction of such single particles with living organisms is very difficult to be performed in the laboratory by conventional irradiation methods. The development of microbeams, and in particular single-particle microbeams, provide a direct and useful means of answering these questions by accurately injecting the exact number of particles into a particular location in a cell or cell. This article discusses the history, current situation and future development of the microbeam, as well as the application of the microbeam in the research of radiation biology.