[目的]对巴西木炭疽病病原菌进行鉴定及rDNA-ITS序列分析。[方法]该文对巴西木炭疽病病原菌进行分离、形态学观察。通过rDNA-ITS的扩增与序列测定,对rDNA-ITS进行序列分析。[结果]该菌分生孢子直或弯,椭圆形至新月形,2-5个油滴,7.5-20×4.5-5μm。经ITS系统学分析,确定该试验分离到的刺盘孢为一新种,并命名为Colletotrichum dracaena-fragrantis sp.novA。[结论]为炭疽病防止研究提供理论依据。 [Objective] The research aimed to identify the pathogen of wood anthracnose in Brazil and analyze the rDNA-ITS sequence. [Method] The pathogen of wood anthracnose in Brazil was isolated and observed morphologically. By rDNA-ITS amplification and sequencing, sequence analysis of rDNA-ITS. [Result] The strain conidia straight or curved, oval to crescent, 2-5 droplets, 7.5-20 × 4.5-5μm. According to the ITS phylogenetic analysis, it was confirmed that the spores isolated from this experiment was a new species and named Colletotrichum dracaena-fragrantis sp.novA. [Conclusion] The research provided a theoretical basis for anthracnose prevention research.