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在大面积杂交稻以亩产500千克为目标的栽培实践中,传统的施肥原则是“前足、中控、后补”,基蘖肥与穗粒肥的比例一般为9:1,丰产方为8:2。这种施肥方式形成的群体,其特点是发苗早,穗数足,中期难控住,无效生长过多,穗型不大,后期养分亏缺,易早衰,因而影响了杂交稻大穗优势的发挥,不利于水稻产量的进一步提高。近两年,我们在改进大面积施肥技术的同时,进行了前后期肥料不同配比试验,明确了杂交稻高产最佳肥料运筹方式。
In large-area hybrid rice cultivation of 500 kg per mu as the goal of the practice, the traditional principle of fertilization is the “forefoot, control, after the fill,” the ratio of base tillering fertilizer and ear grain fertilizer is generally 9: 1, yield 8 :2. This group of fertilization methods formed, which is characterized by hair early seedlings, spikes enough, difficult to control the medium-term live, over-growth ineffective, spike type is not large, late nutrient deficiencies, premature aging, thus affecting the hybrid rice big spike advantage Play is not conducive to the further improvement of rice production. In the past two years, while improving large-area fertilization techniques, we conducted experiments on different proportions of fertilizers in both pre- and post-production stages and clarified the optimal methods for optimal fertilizer production in hybrid rice.