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与张力蛋白同源、在10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)是第一个被发现的具有磷酸酶活性的抑癌基因,它能特异性地使3,4,5-三磷酸磷脂酰肌醇(PIP3)去磷酸化,拮抗三磷酸肌醇激酶(PI3K/AKT)信号转导途径,使细胞周期阻滞于G1期。也可通过灶性粘连激酶(FAK)途径和丝裂酶原蛋白激酶(MAPK)途径来调节细胞周期进程、细胞凋亡、黏附、迁移、侵袭等,从而抑制多种肿瘤的发生和发展。PTEN在急性白血病的发生、发展及演变中起到了重要的作用,其机制有待进一步研究。
Phytase gene (PTEN), which is homologous to the tensin protein and deleted on chromosome 10, is the first tumor suppressor gene to be found with phosphatase activity. It can specifically phosphorylate 3,4,5-triphosphate Inositol (PIP3) is dephosphorylated to antagonize the phosphoinositide kinase (PI3K / AKT) signaling pathway, arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase. It can also inhibit cell cycle progression, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, invasion and so on through the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway and mitogen protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, thereby inhibiting the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. PTEN plays an important role in the occurrence, development and evolution of acute leukemia, and its mechanism remains to be further studied.