论文部分内容阅读
目的了解遵义市2011—2015年0~14岁儿童死亡率和主要死因,为制定疾病预防控制措施提供参考。方法收集2011—2015年遵义市死因监测点0~14岁儿童的死亡信息,分析死亡率、死因顺位等指标。结果遵义市0~14岁儿童共死亡823例,死亡率为94.33/10万,男童死亡率(110.35/10万)高于女童(76.37/10万);5岁以下儿童死亡620例,占死亡总例数的75.33%,死亡率为241.08/10万;各年龄组中婴儿死亡率最高,为859.60/10万。5年间死亡率总体呈下降趋势。前5位死因依次为损伤与中毒、围生期疾病、先天异常、呼吸系统疾病和神经系统疾病,占死亡总人数的84.81%。结论损伤与中毒、围生期疾病、先天异常、呼吸系统疾病和神经系统疾病是遵义市0~14岁儿童的主要死因,做好5岁以下儿童特别是婴儿的预防保健工作是降低0~14岁儿童死亡率的关键。
Objective To understand the mortality rate and the main causes of death among 0-14-year-old children in Zunyi from 2011 to 2015 and provide references for the formulation of disease prevention and control measures. Methods The death information of 0-14-year-old children in the monitoring center of death from 2011 to 2015 in Zunyi was collected and the mortality and the cause of death were analyzed. Results A total of 823 deaths were reported among children aged 0-14 years in Zunyi City, with a mortality rate of 94.33 / 100 000. The death rate of boys was 110.35 / 100 000 higher than that of girls (76.37 / 100 000). 620 children under 5 years of age died, accounting for 75.33% of the total number of deaths, the mortality rate was 241.08 / 100,000; the highest infant mortality rate in all age groups was 859.60 / 100,000. In five years the overall mortality rate showed a downward trend. The top five causes of death were injury and poisoning, perinatal diseases, congenital anomalies, respiratory diseases and nervous system diseases, accounting for 84.81% of the total deaths. Conclusions Injury and poisoning, perinatal diseases, congenital anomalies, respiratory diseases and nervous system diseases are the main causes of death in children aged 0-14 years in Zunyi City. The prevention and care work for children under 5 years of age, especially infants, is reduced by 0-14 The key to the annual child mortality rate.