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目的评价和比较我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”(以下简称“农村学生营养改善计划”)不同供餐模式学生餐的食物供应情况,为推广合理的学生营养干预措施提供依据。方法采用记账法对2012年度3 910所和2013年度5 523所实施“农村学生营养改善计划”的学校食堂食物供应情况进行调查分析。结果实施“农村学生营养改善计划”1年后,食堂供餐学校的粮谷、鸡蛋、豆制品和植物油(Z值分别为-5.766,-2.942,-8.182,-2.950,P值均<0.01),企业供餐学校的鸡蛋和牛奶生均供应量均有显著增长(Z值分别为-7.604,-8.018,P值均<0.01)。采用多水平混合效应模型分析发现,食堂供餐模式学校的生均粮谷、蔬菜、禽畜、豆制品和植物油供应量高于企业供餐学校,企业供餐模式学校的生均鸡蛋和牛奶供应量高于食堂供餐学校,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论我国实施“农村学生营养改善计划”1年后,学校的食物供应量有普遍提高,不同供餐模式变化特点有所不同。
Objective To evaluate and compare the food supply of students’ meals in different feeding modes in our country, and to provide a basis for the promotion of reasonable nutritional interventions for students . Methods The bookkeeping method was used to investigate the school cafeteria food supply in 3 910 places in 2012 and 5 523 places implemented in 2013. “ Results One year after the implementation of the ”Rural Student Nutrition Improvement Program“, cereals, eggs, soy products and vegetable oils of the canteen school (Z values were -5.766, -2.942, -8.182, -2.950, respectively, P < 0.01). There was a significant increase in the average supply of eggs and milk in the enterprise supply schools (Z values were -7.604 and -8.018 respectively, P <0.01). Using the multi-level mixed-effects model, it was found that the supply of raw grain, vegetables, poultry, soy products and vegetable oils in the canteen school was higher than that of the school feeding schools and enterprises’ school feeding modes The quantity was higher than the canteen school, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions After 1 year of implementation of ”Rural Students Nutrition Improvement Program" in our country, the food supply in schools has generally increased, and the characteristics of different modes of food supply have been different.