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山东山旺中新世山旺组湖相沉积中富含保存精美的古生物化石。对于湖相沉积中的昆虫、植物和哺乳动物化石,前人已经做了大量的研究工作。其中植物大化石和孢粉的研究结果表明,中新世山旺组在沉积期间,山旺湖周围的植被处于湿润的暖温带到亚热带的古生态环境下。哺乳动物蝙蝠和貘化石的研究结果也支持这个结论。然而,迄今为止,还没有关于草本植物的种类组成及含量的研究报道。本文首次对山旺组样品中的植硅体进行了研究,为山旺中新世植被的研究提供了新的证据。对从6块山旺组样品中分析出的植硅体进行研究的结果表明,山旺中新世植硅体组合含有丰富的保存极好的草本植物植硅体,代表森林成分的双子叶植物植硅体,以及偶尔出现的棕榈科植硅体。草本植物的植硅体主要来自于C_3/C_4禾本科的PACCAD类群和早熟禾亚科的植物,少数可能来自于在林下封闭生活环境中生长的草本植物。山旺中新世植硅体组合显示,在湖边森林生活环境下,伴生大量的适合沼生到中生环境的草本植物,在较干旱的地区生长着早熟禾(和PACCAD)的草本植物。本文的研究结果进一步支持山旺中新世气候比现在更加湿润而且变动较小的观点。山旺中新世植硅体组合与土耳其和北美大平原中新世湖相沉积中的植硅体组合不同,后者的植硅体组合主要是由多种C_3早熟禾亚科草本和不同种类的PACCAD类群草本植物组成。今后的研究工作将进一步揭示这种差异是否反映了草本植物群落在大尺度的生物地理上的差异,或者是由于地区性的局部气候不同所导致。
The Shanwang Formation in Shanwang, Shandong Province is rich in preserved fossils of paleontology. Much research has been done on insects, plants and mammalian fossils in lacustrine sediments. The results of plant fossils and sporopollen research show that during the deposition of the Miocene Shanyang Formation, vegetation around Shanwang Lake is in a humid warm temperate to paleoenvironmental environment of subtropics. The findings from mammalian bats and fossil fossils also support this conclusion. However, up to now, there is no report about the species composition and content of herbaceous plants. This paper, for the first time, studies the phytoliths in the Shanwang Formation samples and provides new evidence for the study of the Miocene vegetation in Shanwang. The results of the phytoliths analyzed from the six samples of Shanwang Formation show that the Shanwang Miocene phytolith assemblage contains abundant preserved phytohormones, dicotyledonous plants representing forest components Phytoliths, and occasional palms of phytoplankton. The phytoliths of herbaceous plants mainly come from the PACCAD group of C_3 / C_4 grasses and the plants of Poaceae, and the minority may come from the herbaceous plants growing under the enclosed forest environment. The combination of the Shanwang and Miocene phytoliths shows that there are a large number of herbaceous plants suitable for marsh to mesophytes under the lakeside forest environment, and the plants of the poacaceae (and PACCAD) are growing in arid areas. The findings of this paper further support the viewpoint that the Mongolian Miocene climate is more humid and less volatile than it is now. The Shanwang Miocene phytolith assemblage is different from the phytolith assemblages in the Miocene lacustrine deposits in the Great Plains of Turkey and North America. The phytolith assemblages of the latter are mainly composed of many C_3 poaceae and different species The PACCAD group of herbaceous plants. Future research will further reveal whether this difference reflects large-scale biogeographical differences in herbaceous plant communities, or due to differences in regional local climate.