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在《世说新语》中人物的言语应对中,几乎处处都可以感受到汉末魏晋人的机智。这些应对机智一般都引典故作为事实基础;以儒家、道家和佛家的思想以及人们对自然现象的经验认识为公理基础;以应对者的锐利眼光、博学深思、反应迅捷作为主体基础。在这些基础之上形成的《世说新语》中的应对机智,具体表现为左右逢源、借力打力、巧破对手、避而不答等不同种类,它们都是汉末魏晋人在矛盾激化、险象环生的背景下,所做出的智者的应对。
In the “Shi Shuo Xin Yu” in the speech of the characters to deal with, almost everywhere we can feel the wit of Han and Wei and Jin. These coping strategies are generally cited as factual basis; based on the Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism and the people’s understanding of natural phenomena as the axiom basis; with the sharp vision of respondents, erudite, rapid response as the main basis. The coping strategies in Shi Shuo Xin Yu formed on the basis of these are manifested in the following aspects: intensification of contradictions intensified by Wei and Jin dynasties in the end of the Han Dynasty, In the context of danger, the wise man’s response.