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目的通过对2006—2016年大连市尘肺发病情况调查,分析该地区尘肺病流行规律,为制定尘肺病防治策略提供理论依据。方法通过中国疾病控制信息系统职业病与职业卫生检测系统获得相关资料,对大连市尘肺病种类、发病地区、接尘工龄等进行统计分析。结果 2006—2016年大连市尘肺病病例179例,主要分布于铸造行业的成型、清砂、打磨工种及机械加行业的电焊工种。以矽肺为主(82.68%),电焊工尘肺次之(9.49%),石棉尘肺第3(3.35%),平均接尘工龄20.73年,尘肺壹期平均接尘工龄为19.80年、尘肺贰期平均接尘工龄为20.83年、尘肺叁期平均接尘工龄为21.75年。尘肺病发病情况与严重程度(期别)和接尘工龄有关(χ~2=56.52,P=0.02<0.05)。结论大连市尘肺病主要集中在铸造行业,尘肺种类以矽肺为主,应加强重点区域、行业和工种的职业病防治工作。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in Dalian from 2006 to 2016 and analyze the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in this area and provide a theoretical basis for the development of pneumoconiosis prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of occupational diseases and occupational health examination in China’s disease control information system were obtained, and the types of pneumoconiosis, the disease areas and the service life of dust-collecting in Dalian were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 179 cases of pneumoconiosis in Dalian City were collected from 2006 to 2016. They are mainly foundries in forming, sand-cleaning, sanding and mechanical processing industries in foundry industry. Silicosis (82.68%), welder pneumoconiosis (9.49%), asbestos pneumoconiosis (3.35%), the average dusting service life of 20.73 years, pneumoconiosis average dust-housework 19.8 years, pneumoconiosis II average Dust-taking service was 20.83 years, pneumoconiosis average dust-cleaning service was 21. 75 years. The incidence and severity of pneumoconiosis (stage) were related to the length of service (χ ~ 2 = 56.52, P = 0.02 <0.05). Conclusion The pneumoconiosis in Dalian is mainly concentrated in the foundry industry. The main types of pneumoconiosis are silicosis. The prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in key areas, industries and trades should be strengthened.