在深层的界面上,人们对一个决定论的可预测的宇宙的信念,如同几百年前希腊人想象一种物质“连续统”的限制一样,最终,都只能是一种幻想.宏观层次上“浑沌”的存在现在已是一种无可争辩的事实.固然,决定论的思想一直是哲学和科学史长期讨论的论题.决定论之所以重要是因为它构成了一切可靠知识的理论前提.传统的一元决定论从牛顿到拉普拉斯都说明了这样的结论:即只要给定世界的初始条件和运动方程,就可推导出未来的一 At a deeper level, one’s belief in a predictable universe of determinism, as the Greeks imagined a material “continuum” hundreds of years ago, can ultimately be an illusion. The existence of “chaos” is now an indisputable fact, of course, that the deterministic thinking has always been a topic of long debate in the history of philosophy and science.Decision theory is important because it forms the theory of all reliable knowledge The premise that the traditional determinism of unity from Newton to Laplace states the conclusion that given a world of initial conditions and equations of motion,