Objective To analyze the status of parent-child communication on sexual matters and its relationship to the sexual behaviors of adolescents. Methods The data were obtained from a study which was conducted in Changchun city of China in 2001. Unmarried adolescents aged 15-19 years old(322 males and 360 females) were selected for this analysis. Results Ten percent of adolescents reported having experience of sexual intercourse (16% of male and 5% of female). The percentages of adolescents communicating with peers, mothers and fathers were 35%, 30% and 17%, respectively. Males were more likely to talk about sexual issues with peer, while females were more likely to talk with mothers. Significant difference was also noted between the ratio of communication on sexual matters and having a girl/boy friend with peers and with parents. There was a statistically significant relationship between sexual experience and communication with fathers among male adolescents. Despite the fact that parents are the most closest care providers, adolescents obtained most of the sex information from “reading materials” and from “teachers”, but not from their parents. There was an age difference in the main source of obtaining sexual information. Younger adolescents obtained sexual information mainly from teachers while older adolescents mainly from reading materials. Conclusion In addition to schools and reading materials, parents should serve as an important source of information on sexual education as well. Objective To analyze the status of parent-child communication on sexual matters and its relationship to the sexual behaviors of adolescents. Methods The data were obtained from a study which was conducted in Changchun city of China in 2001. Unmarried adolescents aged 15-19 years old (322 males and 360 females) were selected for this analysis. Results Ten percent of adolescents reported having experience of sexual intercourse (16% of male and 5% of female). The percentages of adolescents engaged with peers, mothers and fathers were 35% , 30% and 17%, respectively. Males were more likely to talk about sexual issues with peer, while females were more likely to talk with mothers. Significant difference was also noted between the ratio of communication on sexual matters and having a girl/boy Friend with peers and with parents. There was a difficult ly significant relationship between sexual experience and communication with fathers among male adolescents. Despite the fact that parents Are the most closest care providers, adolescents obtained most of the sex information from “reading materials” and from “teachers”, but not from their parents. There was an age difference in the main source of obtaining sexual information. Younger adolescents obtained sexual information Mainly from teachers while older adolescents mainly from reading materials. Conclusion In addition to schools and reading materials, parents should serve as important source of information on sexual education as well.