一、前言低温技术与机械制造的关系十分密切。钢经冷处理后能提高硬度、耐磨性和精度稳定性,因而在刀具、模具、量规和隋密零件的制造中得到广泛的应用,以液氮为致冷剂的冷缩过盈配合兼有压入配合与热胀配合之优点而又避免了两者之不足。低温技术与压力或形相结合,形成了独特的形变冷处理工艺,使不锈钢的强度提高1～2倍,因而为航天技术减轻器械重量开辟了新途径。 First, the preface Low temperature technology and the relationship between machinery manufacturing is very close. Cold-treated steel can improve the hardness, wear resistance and accuracy of stability, and therefore in the manufacture of tools, molds, gauges and Sui Mi parts have been widely used to liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant shrinkage interference fit both Press fit with the advantages of thermal expansion and avoid both the deficiencies. The combination of low-temperature technology and pressure or shape has resulted in a unique cold deformation treatment that increases the strength of stainless steel by a factor of 2 to 2, opening up new avenues for aerospace technology to reduce the weight of instruments.