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紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达是一种探测大气温度廓线的有效工具。目前,紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达通常采用355nm波长的光,然而白天太阳背景光辐射会影响雷达系统的信噪比(SNR),进而制约温度探测的距离和精度。针对大气温度的全天时探测,提出了基于法布里-珀罗标准具的266nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达系统。由于到达地面的太阳背景光辐射不包含266nm波长的光,只需考虑臭氧对266nm波长光吸收的影响,进而实现全天时大气温度的探测。基于脉冲能量、望远镜直径、望远镜接收视场角、臭氧浓度以及太阳背景光强度等主要影响参数,对266nm和355nm两个波长紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达系统的谱宽、透过率、回波信号SNR以及温度偏差参数进行数值仿真和对比分析。结果表明,大气分子和气溶胶散射对266nm波长光的影响远大于对355nm波长光的影响。白天266nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达系统的有效探测距离为4km左右,比355nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达系统的有效探测距离远2.9km;夜间266nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达系统有效探测距离为6km。探测距离小于5km时,白天266nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达的探测温度偏差比355nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达的探测温度偏差小10K。266nm紫外高光谱瑞利测温激光雷达可实现全天时大气温度的探测。
UV hyperspectral Rayleigh temperature-measuring lidar is an effective tool to detect atmospheric temperature profile. At present, the ultraviolet hyperspectral Rayleigh-temperature lidar usually uses 355nm wavelength light, however, daytime solar background light radiation affects the SNR of the radar system, which limits the distance and accuracy of temperature detection. Aiming at the all-day-time detection of atmospheric temperature, a Fabry-Perot etalon-based 266nm ultraviolet hyperspectral Rayleigh temperature-measuring lidar system is proposed. Since the background solar radiation reaching the ground does not contain 266 nm wavelength light, only the effect of ozone on the light absorption at 266 nm wavelength needs to be taken into consideration, and the detection of atmospheric temperature throughout the day can be realized. Based on the main influence parameters of pulse energy, telescope diameter, telescope receiving field angle, ozone concentration and solar background light intensity, Echo signal SNR and temperature deviation parameters for numerical simulation and comparative analysis. The results show that the influence of atmospheric molecular and aerosol scattering on 266 nm light is far greater than that on 355 nm light. The effective detection range of daytime 266nm UV Rayleigh temperature measurement lidar is about 4km, which is 2.9km far away from the effective detection range of 355nm UV Rayleigh temperature-measuring laser radar system. The nighttime 266nm UV Rayleigh temperature measurement laser Radar system effective detection distance of 6km. When the detection distance is less than 5km, the detection temperature deviation of 266nm UV Rayleigh temperature-measuring lidar during the day is 10K less than that of 355nm UV-Ray Rayleigh temperature-measuring lidar. The 266nm UV hyperspectral Rayleigh temperature-measuring lidar enables the detection of atmospheric temperatures throughout the day.