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以甲基丙烯酸-3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙酯改性的二氧化硅纳米粒子为种子,采用乳液聚合法制备了粒径分布较窄的二氧化硅-聚丙烯腈(SiO2-PAN)核-壳结构复合纳米微球。采用动态光散射、傅里叶红外光谱、透射电镜和扫描电镜表征了微球的粒径及分布、组成、形态和结构。并研究了表面活性剂的加入方式、反应温度及交联剂的引入对制备SiO2-PAN复合纳米微球的影响。结果表明:SiO2-PAN复合纳米微球为核-壳结构。采用半连续加入表面活性剂的方法,可以成功抑制乳液聚合中次级粒子的生成。增加表面活性剂的初始加入量,加快表面活性剂的补加速率,或降低反应温度,SiO2-PAN复合纳米微球的粒径变小。随着反应温度的降低以及交联剂的引入,SiO2-PAN复合纳米微球的表面变得平滑。
The silica nanoparticles modified with 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate were used as the seeds. Silica-polyacrylonitrile (SiO2-PAN) with narrow particle size distribution was prepared by emulsion polymerization Core-shell composite nanospheres. The particle size, distribution, composition, morphology and structure of the microspheres were characterized by dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the addition of surfactant, the reaction temperature and the introduction of crosslinking agent on the preparation of SiO2-PAN composite nanospheres were studied. The results show that the SiO2-PAN composite nanospheres have a core-shell structure. With semi-continuous addition of surfactant, the formation of secondary particles in the emulsion polymerization can be successfully inhibited. Increasing the initial amount of surfactant, accelerating the addition rate of surfactant, or decreasing the reaction temperature, the particle size of SiO2-PAN composite nanospheres becomes smaller. With the decrease of reaction temperature and the introduction of crosslinking agent, the surface of SiO2-PAN composite nanospheres becomes smooth.