目的由于慢性乙型肝炎（乙型肝炎）时幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的报道罕见，因而本研究旨在探讨乙型肝炎患者的Ｈｐ感染状态．方法乙型肝炎患者４４例，采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）标志物，并采用聚合酶链反应测定ＨＢＶＤＮＡ来确定ＨＢＶ感染．同时通过血清学、尿素酶试验、组织学染色和细菌培养，进行Ｈｐ检查．结果乙型肝炎患者的消化性溃疡发生率为１３６％（６／４４）；Ｈｐ感染率为６１４％（２７／４４）．ＨＢｅＡｇ和（或）ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性者Ｈｐ感染率为６３０％（１７／２７），高于ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ皆阴性者的３５３％（６／１７）．此外，以组织学染色确定Ｈｐ感染的阳性率最高．结论乙型肝炎患者Ｈｐ感染率高，可能是引起乙型肝炎患者消化性溃疡发生的重要原因 Purpose Because of the rare report of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in chronic hepatitis B (Hepatitis B), this study aimed to investigate the status of Hp infection in hepatitis B patients. Methods Forty-four patients with hepatitis B were enrolled in this study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and HBV DNA was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). At the same time through the serological, urease test, histological staining and bacterial culture, Hp examination. Results The incidence of peptic ulcer in patients with hepatitis B was 13.6% (6/44), and the infection rate of Hp was 61.4% (27/44). Hp infection rate of HBeAg and / or HBV-DNA positive was 630% (17/27), which was higher than 353% (6/17) of those with negative HBeAg and HBVDNA. In addition, histological staining confirmed the highest positive rate of Hp infection. Conclusion Hepatitis B patients with high prevalence of Hp may be an important cause of peptic ulcer in patients with hepatitis B