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我国旅行社行业目前面临困境,存在问题多。就微观而言,主要有三个问题。一是“乱”。这从价格、拖欠款、经营范围直到利益分配机制等各方面都表现出来。二是“降”。表现为旅行社利润水平下降(目前我国旅行社行业的平均纯利润率只维持在3%左右);促销能力下降;旅行社的经营管理水平下降。三是“难”。表现为旅行社经营成本上涨,资金周转困难,经营环境困难。而从全行业与宏观角度来看,旅行社涉及的方方面面的关系也存在若干问题:一是总量缺乏控制。二是旅游服务质量普遍下降。三是大小旅行社分散分割,组织缺乏集团化,经营缺乏网络化。从微观和宏观上都要研究解决,寻找活路,走出困境。这里就产业组织问题谈点看法。
China’s travel industry is currently facing difficulties, there are many problems. At the micro level, there are mainly three problems. First, “chaos ”. This is reflected in all aspects of the price, arrears, business scope up to the distribution of benefits mechanism. Second, “drop ”. The performance of the travel agency profit level decline (at present, China’s travel industry, the average net profit margin is only maintained at about 3%); promotional capabilities decline; travel agency business management level down. Third, “difficult ”. The performance of travel agencies operating costs, cash flow difficulties, the operating environment difficult. From the perspective of the entire industry and macro, travel agencies involved in all aspects of the relationship there are several problems: First, the total lack of control. Second, the quality of travel services generally declined. Third, the size of the travel agency decentralized, the lack of group organization, lack of network management. At the micro and macro levels, we must study and solve problems, look for ways to survive, and get out of the woods. Here to talk about industrial organization point of view.