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“文学主体性”理论是在我国改革开放后诞生的一个影响深远的文学思潮。“文学主体性”理论的立足点是人道主义精神,旨在强调在文学活动中重视人的主体的能动性,文学应当充分表现人的精神世界。“文学主体性”理论的出现是历史的必然,80年代中期理论一经提出,就立刻成为了文论界关注的热点,并由此展开了激烈的学术论争。它成为了弥漫在整个80年代中期文学的主流话语之一。作为“文学主体性”的提出者刘再复力图构建主体性理论体系,继续发扬“文学是人学”的优良传统和文学中的人道主义精神。他的主体性理论在当时是具有时代的合理性与先进性,但是由于主体性理论自身体系纷繁复杂和后现代理论的冲击,主体性理论在90年代渐渐失落。进入21世纪文学主体性理论仍尚未真正建立,我们应该在当今的文学现实中做出怎样的抉择与价值判断。“文学主体性”真正的价值意义何在,对于我们当代的文学有何帮助和启迪。
“Literary subjectivity ” theory is a far-reaching literary trend born in our country after the reform and opening up. The standpoint of “literary subjectivity” theory is the humanitarian spirit, which emphasizes the importance of the initiative of the main body of man in literary activities. Literature should fully reflect the spiritual world of man. The emergence of the “subjectivity of literature” theory is inevitable in history. Once the theory was put forward in the mid-1980s, it immediately became a hot spot in the field of literary theory and started a fierce academic debate. It became one of the mainstream discourses permeated throughout the mid-1980s. As the proponent of “literary subjectivity”, Liu Zaixu tries hard to construct a theoretical system of subjectivity and continue to carry forward the fine tradition of “literature is humanity” and the humanitarian spirit in literature. At the time, his subjectivity theory had the rationality and advancement of the times. However, due to the complexity of the subjectivity theory itself and the impact of the postmodern theory, subjectivity theory was gradually lost in the 1990s. The theory of the subjectivity of literature entering the 21st century has not yet been established yet. What kind of choices and value judgments should we make in today’s literary reality. “Literary subjectivity ” what is the value of the real value for our contemporary literature how to help and enlightenment.