颈部肿块原因庞杂,诊断不易,处理上更是棘手的问题。如处理不当常致误诊,引起不良后果,因此必须重视。颈部肿块的发病率约占全身肿块的3～4%。一般常见的可分为三类:①先天性肿块,多属囊性,如甲状舌囊肿、鳃裂囊肿、上皮样囊肿、胸腺囊肿、畸胎瘤、水囊肿、淋巴管瘤等。②炎性肿块,如急慢性淋巴结炎、结核性淋巴结炎、颈深部感染、Ludwig氏口底炎、慢性涎腺炎、传染性单核细胞增多症、肉芽性淋巴结炎、结节性筋膜炎等。③新生物肿块,良性如涎腺混合瘤、神经纤维瘤、纤维瘤、脂肪瘤、血管瘤等;恶性如恶性淋巴瘤、何杰金氏病、网织细胞肉瘤、腮腺癌、纤维肉瘤、黑瘤等,其中以转移性颈部肿块最常见,也是诊断时常遇到的难题。Lee(1970)曾对40岁以上患者的颈部肿块进行活检,发现在163例中,仅10.1%为良性增生性淋巴结,其余病例中的29.4%为上皮样癌,21.4%为淋巴 Neck masses are complicated, difficult to diagnose, and even more difficult to handle. If mishandled, it often leads to misdiagnosis and causes adverse consequences, so it must be taken seriously. The incidence of neck mass accounts for about 3 to 4% of body mass. Generally common can be divided into three categories: 1 congenital masses, mostly cystic, such as thyroid tongue cysts, branchial cleft cysts, epithelioid cysts, thymic cysts, teratomas, water cysts, lymphangioma and so on. 2 Inflammatory masses, such as acute and chronic lymphadenitis, tuberculous lymphadenitis, deep neck infections, Ludwig’s floorillitis, chronic mumps, infectious mononucleosis, granulation lymphadenitis, nodular fasciitis Wait. 3 new biological mass, benign such as parotid gland mixed tumor, neurofibromatosis, fibroids, lipoma, hemangiomas, etc.; malignant as malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, reticulocyte sarcoma, parotid gland cancer, fibrosarcoma, black Tumors, of which metastatic neck masses are the most common, are often encountered in the diagnosis. Lee (1970) performed a biopsy of a neck mass in a patient over the age of 40 and found that in 163 cases, only 10.1% were benign proliferative lymph nodes. 29.4% of the remaining cases were epithelioid and 21.4% were lymphoid.