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信息是管理上一项极为重要的资源。从系统工程观点看,一个科研部门或一项研制工程都是一个复杂的系统。整个系统在运行中,贯串着两种主要的流动:一是物质流,一是信息流。物质流是指由物质的输入到产品的输出中,物质的形态、性质在系统中的运动过程,信息流是使物质流成为符合客观规律的运动,并使其达到最佳技术和经济效果的信息的运动过程。它是物质流的表现和描述,是用于控制和掌握科研部门或企业的科研生产过程的软资源。由于原来的管理体制和管理方式及人们头脑中存在的重视出成果和不大考虑经济效果的思想,往往对这项软资源不太重视。各级管理人员很少认真对待来自下面的各级统计数字和报
Information is an extremely important resource for management. From a systems engineering point of view, a research department or a research project is a complex system. The whole system runs through two main types of flows: material flow and information flow. Material flow refers to the movement of material form and nature in the system from the input of material to the output of the product. The flow of information is to make the material flow into the movement in conformity with the objective law and to achieve the best technical and economic effect The movement of information. It is the performance and description of material flow and is a soft resource for controlling and mastering scientific research and production process of scientific research departments or enterprises. Due to the original management system and management methods and people’s minds that attach importance to results and do not take economic effects into consideration, this soft resource often lacks importance. Managers at all levels seldom take statistics and newspapers from all levels below