论文部分内容阅读
以农乐988和扬糯1号两个品种的玉米颖果为材料,利用树脂半薄切片、组织化学染色及生理测定等方法研究胚乳组织和细胞的发育过程。结果表明,两个玉米品种粒重及淀粉含量的变化呈S形生长曲线;可溶性糖变化呈单峰曲线,授粉后12 d含量最高;总蛋白含量在授粉后6 d较高。颖果粒重和总蛋白含量农乐988>扬糯1号;可溶性糖及淀粉含量扬糯1号>农乐988。授粉后0~2 d胚乳处在游离核期,授粉后3~5 d胚乳处在细胞化期,授粉6 d以后胚乳细胞开始分化,内胚乳细胞出现淀粉体和蛋白体。胚乳中淀粉的积累由颖果顶端向基部、由胚乳外层向中央推进。扬糯1号胚乳发育较提前,失活较晚;农乐988胚乳发育相对滞后,失活较早。玉米胚乳发育和颖果发育关系紧密,胚乳游离核期和细胞化期相当于颖果形成期,胚乳分化期相当于颖果乳熟期,胚乳成熟期相当于颖果蜡熟期与完熟期。
The development of endosperm tissue and cells was studied by semi-thin sections of resin, histochemical staining and physiological measurement with two varieties of corn cv. Nongle 988 and Yangnuo 1 as materials. The results showed that the changes of grain weight and starch content of two maize cultivars showed a S-shaped growth curve. The changes of soluble sugar showed a unimodal curve, and reached the highest level at 12 d after pollination. The total protein content was higher at 6 d after pollination. Grain weight and total protein content of NongLe 988> Yangnuo 1; soluble sugar and starch content Yangnuo 1> NongLe 988. The endosperm was in the free nucleus from 0 to 2 days after pollination, while the endosperm was in the cell stage at 3 to 5 days after pollination. After 6 days of pollination, the endosperm cells began to differentiate, and the endosperm cells appeared amyloplast and protein body. Endosperm starch accumulation from the top of the carya to the base, from the endosperm outer layer to the central advance. The development of endosperm of Yangnuo 1 was earlier and the inactivation was later. The development of NongLe 988 lag lag relatively lagged earlier. The development of endosperm in maize was closely related to the development of caryopsis. The free nucleus and cytoplasm of endosperm corresponded to the formation of caryopsis, while the endosperm differentiation was equivalent to caryopsis ripening. The endosperm maturation was equivalent to caryopsis ripening and maturity.