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目的研究枪弹对有防护生物靶标的致伤情况与原因,为揭示人体在防护条件下的致伤机理和医学治疗提供参考。方法选择体重60 kg的活猪作为生物靶标,参照防护条件下单兵头部和胸部的易损情况确定生物靶标内的测试物理量和具体位置。在25 m射距下分别对防护条件下生物靶标的头部和胸部射击3发9 mm巴拉贝鲁姆手枪弹,综合测量手枪弹冲击对有防护生物靶标钝性损伤起重要作用的加速度、压力、载荷力等多个力学量。结果(1)手枪弹对生物靶标头部的钝性损伤使颅内产生负压脉冲并伴随产生远达效应,在其脊柱和颈动脉内出现脉冲压力;(2)手枪弹对生物靶标胸部的钝性损伤使心脏承受高加速度冲击,肺部承受高压力波作用。结论测量结果为定量认识手枪弹对防护条件下有生目标致伤机理提供依据。
Objective To study the situation and causes of bullets on the target of protective biological protection, and provide a reference for revealing the mechanism of human injury under protective conditions and medical treatment. Methods Live pigs with a body weight of 60 kg were selected as biological targets. The physical quantities and location of the test target in the biological target were determined with reference to the vulnerability of head and thorax under the protection condition. Under the condition of 25 m projectile, the target and the chest of the biological targets under the protection were shot with 3 rounds of 9 mm Bala Belum projectile, and the acceleration of the impact of the projectile on the blunt injury of the protective biological target was comprehensively measured. Pressure, load force and other mechanical quantities. Results (1) The blunt injury to the biological target head caused by pistol bullets resulted in the generation of negative pressure pulse in the brain accompanied by the far-reaching effect and pulse pressure in the spine and carotid artery. (2) Blunt injury to the heart to withstand high acceleration impact, the lungs to withstand high pressure wave effect. Conclusion The results provide a basis for quantitative understanding of the mechanism of live-induced injury induced by pistol bullets.