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小组活动经常应用于第二语言教学。其中一个理由是它们鼓励学生共同学习、互相帮助。然而,简单地把学生们放在一组并不能保证合作的成功。影响小组活动成功的因素之一,是课堂上出现的目的结构。本文旨在解释目的结构这一概念,列举三种主要的目的结构(合作型,竞争型及个人型),同时着重说明合作型目的结构之优点。此外,本文还要讨论学习目的结构对作者教学方法的彩响。简介: 许多年来,第二语言和外语课堂教学一直提倡小组活动。二十世纪八十年代中期也不例外(参见,Long和Portes 1985)。当然,任何技巧,不管在理论上多么动听,都必须经过实践的检验。小组活动就是一个很好的例证。在某种程度上,由于缺乏对小组
Group activities are often used in second language teaching. One of the reasons is that they encourage students to learn together and help each other. However, simply putting the students together does not guarantee the success of the cooperation. One of the factors influencing the success of a group activity is the structure of the purpose that appears in the class. The purpose of this article is to explain the notion of a structure of purpose, enumerating three main purpose structures (cooperative, competitive and personal), highlighting the advantages of a cooperative purpose structure. In addition, this article also discusses the effect of learning structure on the author’s teaching methods. Summary: For many years, second language and foreign language classroom teaching have been advocating group activities. Mid-1980s is no exception (see, Long and Portes 1985). Of course, any technique, no matter how good in theory, must be tested in practice. Group activity is a good example. In part, due to lack of team