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明清贞节观念是中国历史上最强的时期,明清时期徽州节烈现象与其他地方相比,尤为突出。学者从不同的角度分析明清节烈风气特别是徽州妇女节烈现象形成的原因,但普遍忽略了一个问题,那就是明清徽州节烈妇女的主观因素。其主观因素主要表现在对贞节伦理的守护、对家庭责任的担当、对困窘生活的逃避以及留名传世的愿望等几个方面。明清徽州这种突出的节烈现象是贞节观念的强化,国家与徽州地方宗族所制定的各种相关制度和采取的措施,并结合女性自身的因素,共同产生的合力作用的结果。
The concept of chastity in the Ming and Qing dynasties is the strongest period in Chinese history. The fierce phenomenon of Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was particularly prominent compared with other places. Scholars analyzed the reasons for the formation of the festival spirits in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially the feast of knights in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, one problem was generally overlooked. That was the subjective factor of the women in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Its subjective factors are mainly manifested in several aspects: the guardianship of the chastity ethics, the responsibility for the family, the evasion of the embarrassing life and the wish to pass on the name. Ming and Qing Dynasties Huizhou this prominent festival phenomenon is the strengthening of the concept of chastity, the state and the various local clans of Huizhou established by the relevant systems and measures taken, combined with women’s own factors, the resultant synergies results.