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目的分析和总结神经外科重症监护病房(neurocranial surgery intensive care unit,NSICU)内的各种感染风险因素,针对不同的感染原因指出了强化护理干预的措施和管理办法,并探讨其实施成效。方法回顾性分析2015年第3、4季度第二军医大学长征医院神经外科神经外二科(神经肿瘤外科)的NSICU收治的患者的临床资料,将已采取强化护理干预的4季度数据和未采取强化护理干预的3季度数据进行分析,以评价强化护理干预措施的效果。结果观察组189名患者中,发生感染者11例,总体感染发生率为5.82%。而对照组212例患者中,发生感染者25例,总体感染发生率为11.79%。实施强化护理干预后,NSICU内感染发生率明显下降,与实施强化护理干预前相比,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.0663,P=0.0437)。结论NSICU是院内感染的高风险区,有针对性地强化护理干预措施和管理办法能够有效降低神经外科院内感染的发生率。
Objective To analyze and summarize the various risk factors of infection in the neurosurgery intensive care unit (NSICU) and to find out the measures and management methods of intensive nursing intervention for different causes of infection and to explore the implementation results. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of NSICU patients admitted to Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital of the Second Military Medical University in the third and fourth quarters of 2015. The data of 4 quarters with intensive care intervention and the unacceptable Third-quarter data on intensive care interventions were analyzed to assess the impact of intensive care interventions. Results Among the 189 patients in observation group, 11 cases were found and the overall infection rate was 5.82%. In the control group of 212 patients, 25 cases of infection, the overall infection rate was 11.79%. After intensive care intervention, the incidence of infection in NSICU significantly decreased, compared with that before intensive care intervention (χ ~ 2 = 4.0663, P = 0.0437). Conclusion NSICU is a high risk area of nosocomial infection. Intensive nursing interventions and management measures can effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in neurosurgery.