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目的 探讨妊娠妇女 B族溶血性链球菌 (简称 GBS)阴道带菌的高危因素及对分娩的影响。方法 随机抽取在我院产检及分娩的孕妇 16 0名 (无异常自觉症状 ) ,取其阴道分泌物进行培养 ,用革兰氏染色阳性加 Cam p试验阳性来鉴定菌种。结果 GBS阳性组 48名 ,阴性组 112名 ,阳性率 30 %。高龄初产妇、既往有流产史的初产妇、经产妇以及个体经营或无业、少数民族者带菌率高。阳性组胎膜早破、羊水混染发生率高于阴性组 (P≤ 0 .0 5 )。孕母产时 /产后发热、胎儿宫内窘迫发生率亦为阳性组高于阴性组 ,但无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 孕期阴道 GBS带菌的高危因素有年龄 >35岁的高龄孕妇、既往有流产史的孕妇及经产妇。与教育程度、职业和生活习惯亦有较大的影响。 GBS易导致宫内感染。认为应将 GBS的检测列入围产期检查 ,以便早发现早治疗。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of vaginal carriage of B-streptococci (GBS) in pregnant women and their effects on delivery. Methods A total of 160 pregnant women (no abnormal symptoms) were randomly selected from our hospital for quarantine and childbirth. Vaginal secretions were collected for culture. Gram staining and Cam p test were used to identify the strains. Results 48 GBS positive group, negative group 112, the positive rate of 30%. Older primipara, past history of miscarriage of primipara, the mothers and self-employed or unemployed, ethnic minority carriers with high rates. The positive rate of premature rupture of membranes, amniotic fluid contamination was higher than the negative group (P≤0. 05). Maternal / postpartum fever, fetal distress was also higher in the positive group than in the negative group, but no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusions The high risk factors of vaginal GBS carrier during pregnancy are pregnant women> 35 years old, pregnant women and maternal women who have previous miscarriage history. And education, occupation and living habits also have a greater impact. GBS easily lead to intrauterine infection. That should be included in the GBS test perinatal examination, in order to early detection and early treatment.