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吸烟对口腔、鼻腔、喉头和呼吸道有不良刺激作用;会引起恶心、气短、肺气肿、支气管炎,食欲不振和心律的改变。1939年Müller就报道吸烟可能是肺癌的危险因素,这一结论目前已得到公认。流行病学研究还证实吸烟者喉、舌、齿龈,口腔粘膜、颚、鼻腔、食道、肝、胰腺、肾和膀胱肿瘤发病率均比不吸烟者高。近年来,在生物化学和分子生物学迅猛发展影响下,烟草致癌性的卫生学研究已推进到细胞和分子水平。过去人们比较重视吸烟
Smoking on the mouth, nose, throat and respiratory tract have a negative stimulus; can cause nausea, shortness of breath, emphysema, bronchitis, loss of appetite and changes in heart rhythm. Müller in 1939 reported that smoking may be a risk factor for lung cancer, a conclusion that has now been recognized. Epidemiological studies also confirmed smokers throat, tongue, gingiva, oral mucosa, jaw, nasal cavity, esophagus, liver, pancreas, kidney and bladder tumors were higher than non-smoker. In recent years, under the influence of the rapid development of biochemistry and molecular biology, the carcinogenicity of tobacco has been advanced to the cellular and molecular level. In the past, people paid more attention to smoking