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探月航天器与月球周围等离子体环境相互作用,表面将出现充放电效应,给航天器带来很多不利影响.表面充电电位对充放电的影响至关重要.评估探月航天器的充放电效应,首先需获得月球周围等离子体环境数据.嫦娥一号上搭载的两台太阳风离子探测器SWIDA/B是用来观测月球200 km轨道附近等离子体环境的探测仪器,获得了月球附近的太阳风速度、密度和温度.本文对2008年6月一个月内太阳风离子探测器SWIDA机获得的离子微分通量进行统计平均,得到太阳风离子微分通量能谱,并计算得到了月球200 km附近的太阳风速度(300.00—600.00 km·s-1)、密度(1—10 cm-3)和温度(1—20 eV).最后采用等效电路模型的方法计算得到了探月航天器表面充电电位范围为-7—-70 V.
The lunar spacecraft interacts with the plasma environment around the lunar surface and will have charge and discharge effects on the surface, which will bring a lot of adverse effects on the spacecraft. The influence of surface charge potential on charge and discharge is very important. , We first need to obtain the data of the plasma environment around the moon.While two solar wind ion detectors SW11A / B on Chang’e I are used to observe the plasma environment around the orbit of the moon 200 km, the solar wind velocity near the moon is obtained, Density and temperature of the solar wind ion detector SWIDA within one month in June 2008. The differential energy flux of the solar wind ion is obtained and the solar wind velocity near 200 km of the moon is calculated 300.00-600.00 km-s-1), density (1-10 cm-3) and temperature (1-20 eV) .At last, the surface charge potential of lunar spacecraft was calculated by the method of equivalent circuit model to be -7 - 70 V.