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[目的]研究日照市儿童腹泻的流行规律,探讨腹泻与轮状病毒感染的关系。[方法]对2007～2009年在日照市县级以上医院就诊的997例5岁以下感染性腹泻患儿病原学检测资料进行分析。[结果]检测997例患儿粪便,轮状病毒抗原阳性的353例,阳性率为35.41%。轮状病毒抗原阳性率,男性为35.27%,女性为35.61%(P>0.05);<6个月的为20.69%,6个月至2岁的为48.11%,>2岁的为10.16%(P<0.01);2007年为36.71%,2008年为34.31%,2009年为35.05%(P>0.05);流行高峰期为53.10%,散发期为13.81%(P<0.01);1年内有轮状病毒口服液免疫史者为8.89%,无免疫史者为28.98%(P<0.01);脱水者为35.76%,未脱水者为33.87%(P>0.05);水样大便为71.74%,蛋花样大便为76.24%,稀糊状大便为49.24%,带少许黏液大便为14.81%(P<0.01);发热的为37.85%,体温正常者为30.00%(P<0.01)。[结论]轮状病毒是日照市5岁以下儿童腹泻的重要病原。
[Objective] To study the prevalence of diarrhea in children in Rizhao and explore the relationship between diarrhea and rotavirus infection. [Methods] The etiological detection data of 997 infants with infectious diarrhea under 5 years old who were treated in the hospitals above the county level in Rizhao from 2007 to 2009 were analyzed. [Results] A total of 353 cases of positive stool and rotavirus antigen were detected in 997 children, the positive rate was 35.41%. The positive rate of rotavirus antigen was 35.27% in males and 35.61% in females (P> 0.05); it was 20.69% in 6 months, 48.11% in 6 months to 2 years and 10.16% in 6 months to 2 years P <0.01); 36.71% in 2007, 34.31% in 2008 and 35.05% in 2009 (P> 0.05). The epidemic peak was 53.10% and the distribution period was 13.81% (P <0.01) The rate of oral administration of recombinant virus was 8.89% and that of non-immunized mice was 28.98% (P <0.01), 35.76% for dehydration, 33.87% for those without dehydration (P> 0.05) The pattern stool was 76.24%, thin paste stool was 49.24%, with a little mucus stool was 14.81% (P <0.01); fever was 37.85%, normal body temperature was 30.00% (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Rotavirus is an important pathogen of diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Rizhao City.