本文介绍一种可为经营者选择的,可望指引企业在竞争中取胜的基本原理——相对优势论,以及在有计划的商品经济中的应用模式——企业集团。一、相对优势论 1.概述相对优势论从分析两个企业在生产不同产品对存在着相对的效率差异出发,经过简明的数学推理,得出一个肯定的结论:即使处境不好的企业,在生产它相对的最有效率的产品上也具有相对优势;而在生产另一些效率低于平均水平的产品上,具有相对劣势。 This paper introduces a basic principle that can be chosen for the operator and is expected to guide the company to win in the competition—the theory of relative advantage and the application model in the planned commodity economy—enterprise groups. I. Relative Advantage Theory 1. Overview The comparative advantage theory starts from the analysis of the relative efficiency differences between two companies in producing different products. After concise mathematical reasoning, a definite conclusion is drawn: even if the enterprises are in a bad situation, There is also a relative advantage in the production of its most efficient products, and a relative disadvantage in the production of other products with lower than average efficiency.