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光绪三十四年(一九○八),王国维首在《国粹学报》发表《人间词话》,~([一])开宗明义即揭櫫“境界”的概念,使文艺欣赏从清词丽句流连光景带入更深阔玄远的思想空间,开拓读者的视野,提高审美的情趣。王国维将境界分为造景和写景,写景是现实主义的写作手法,着重刻划感性的场面,描写具体的人事情景;造景即浪漫主义的写作手法,大抵现实令人沮丧苦闷,作者只能寄讬在想像的世界里去,指出未来的希望所在,振奋人心。王国维利用西方的美学和心理学,为传统词学注入了一枝强心针,并引尼采(Friedrch Wilhelm Nietzsche,一八四四—一九○○)“一切文学,余爱以血书者”之说,~([二])强调作者真实的个性。在清末民初低迷的时局中,立刻引起了轰动效应。王国维《人间词话》开篇即云:词以境界为最上。有境界则自成高格,自有名句。五代北宋之词所以独绝者在此。~([三])
In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Wang Guowei published the “Human Words” in the “National Culture Journal” Li Lian hangs the light into the more profound and far-reaching ideological space, open up the reader’s field of vision, improve aesthetic taste. Wang Guowei divides the realm into landscapes and landscapes. The landscapes are realistic writing techniques, which focus on the emotional scenes and describe specific personnel scenes. The landscape creation is the romantic writing technique. Can send in the imagined world go, pointed out the hope of the future, inspiring. Using Western aesthetics and psychology, Wang Guowei injected a strong-hearted needle into traditional Ci-poetry and cited Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900), “All Literature, Said, ~ ([two]) emphasizes the author’s true personality. In the downturn of late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, it immediately caused a sensational effect. Wang Guowei ”Human Words" begins with the cloud: words to the state as the top. There are realm of self-Gao Ge, own famous. Therefore, the Northern Song Dynasty words so exclusive. ~ ([Three])