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用15N田间微区试验研究了黑土－春小麦中作基肥施用的尿素、碳铵和硝酸钾三种氮肥的氮素去向。试验设在黑龙江省海伦市郊区，氮肥用量为纯N75kg／hm2，施肥深度为10cm。结果表明，硝酸钾和尿素的氮素利用率相当，分别为58．4％和55．9％，显著高于碳铵（42．6％）。硝酸钾在土壤中的残留率（28．7％）显著低于碳铵（38．8％）和尿素（38．2％）。氮素总损失在5．8％～186％之间；碳铵的损失显著大于尿素，硝酸钾的损失则介于之间（12．9％）。氮肥的激发效应较弱，三种氮肥的表现激发量都不高。试验结果还表明，小麦吸收的氮素中来自肥料氮的比例约为1／3，而以土壤来源氮为主。
The 15N field experiment was conducted to study the nitrogen distribution of three nitrogenous fertilizers, urea, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium nitrate applied as basal fertilizer in black soil-spring wheat. The experiment was located in the suburbs of Helun City, Heilongjiang Province. The nitrogen fertilizer was pure N75kg / hm2 and the fertilization depth was 10cm. The results showed that the nitrogen utilization rates of potassium nitrate and urea were quite high, 58.4% and 55.9% respectively, significantly higher than that of ammonium bicarbonate (42.6%). The residual rate of potassium nitrate in soil (28.7%) was significantly lower than that of ammonium bicarbonate (38.8%) and urea (38.2%). The total nitrogen loss was between 5.8% and 186%. The loss of ammonium bicarbonate was significantly greater than that of urea and the loss of potassium nitrate was between 12.9%. The stimulating effect of nitrogen fertilizer is weak, the performance of three nitrogen fertilizers are not high. The results also showed that the nitrogen uptake from wheat was about 1/3 of that from fertilizer and nitrogen was the main source of soil nitrogen.