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为了探讨极端环境因素是否会干扰植被对真菌群落的影响,采用克隆文库和变性凝胶梯度电泳(DGGE)的方法对云南元江干热河谷区植被梯度下土壤真菌群落的组成进行了研究。结果表明,尽管植被梯度变化显著,从灌丛过渡到草地,但是地下真菌的群落的变化比较微弱。主要真菌群落由子囊菌门(Ascomycota)组成,占全部克隆的70%。比较显著的群落组成差异是在不同的土层之间。特别是子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)这两大类真菌的比例在腐殖质土和矿质土层间呈现很大差异,Ascomycota主要集中在表层腐殖质土中,而Basidiomycota主要分布在矿质土层中。研究结果与其他一般研究发现的植被变化决定土壤微生物变化不同,元江地区极端干燥炎热的环境干扰了地表植被对地面土壤真菌的群落组成,并呈现出与其他地区不一样的群落组成。
In order to investigate whether the extreme environmental factors would interfere with the effects of vegetation on the fungal communities, the composition of soil fungal communities under vegetation gradients in Yuanjiang dry-hot valley of Yunnan was studied by using cloning library and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The results showed that although the gradient of vegetation changed significantly from shrub to grassland, the community of underground fungi changed little. The main fungal community is composed of Ascomycota, accounting for 70% of all clones. The more significant difference in community composition is between different soil layers. In particular, the proportions of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are quite different between humus soil and mineral soil, Ascomycota is mainly concentrated in the surface humus soil, while Basidiomycota is mainly distributed in the mineral In the soil. The results of this study differed from those of other general studies in determining the change of soil microbes. The extremely dry and hot environment in the Yuanjiang area interfered with the community composition of surface soil fungi on the ground and showed a community composition different from that of other areas.