在世界范围内,高胆红素血症是引起新生儿出生一周住院治疗最普遍的病因,及时有效的光疗和换血疗法对新生儿高胆红素血症有明确的疗效。但在许多医疗资源匮乏的国家,不恰当、无效的治疗显著增加了死亡率和发病率,因严重的高胆红素血症引发神经功能障碍。特别是在缺乏实践指南的地区,针对治疗晚期早产儿(≥35孕周)和足月儿显著的高胆红素血症的管理现状,提出了实践框架的标准和执行方案,及时应对高胆红素血症。对新生儿的综合管理涵盖了初级预防,早期发现,诊断,监测,治疗和随访。此外,还包括可操作的治疗或转诊。这些建议引领中低收入国家临床指南内容的发展,促进有效的宣传,动员必要的资源,为高胆红素血症患儿提供最佳护理。 Globally, hyperbilirubinemia is the most common cause of neonatal hospitalization during the first week of life. Timely and effective phototherapy and blood transfusion therapy have a definite effect on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. In many poorly resourced countries, however, inappropriate and ineffective treatment significantly increases mortality and morbidity, leading to neurological dysfunction due to severe hyperbilirubinemia. Especially in areas where there is no practical guideline, a standard of practice framework and implementation plan are put forward for the management of significant hyperbilirubinemia in late preterm infants (≥35 gestational weeks) and full term infants. Hyperemia. Integrated management of newborns covers primary prevention, early detection, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and follow-up. In addition, there is an operable treatment or referral. These recommendations lead the development of clinical guidelines in low- and middle-income countries, promote effective advocacy and mobilize the resources necessary to provide optimal care for children with hyperbilirubinemia.