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窗墙比不仅影响建筑的美观、采光,更会对建筑冷热负荷产生重大影响。本文以青岛地区1个典型办公建筑为例,利用De ST建筑热模拟软件,建立典型办公建筑模型,采用正交试验设计方法,对不同因素水平下的建筑模型进行热模拟,研究不同朝向和窗墙比对建筑负荷的影响。结果表明,对建筑负荷影响较大的朝向排列顺序依次为:东西向、南向和北向,进一步得出适宜的南向、东西向、北向窗墙比分别为0.38、0.36、0.23。本文的研究结果在JGJ 26—2010《严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》的基础上,为公共建筑合理窗墙比的确定提供有益的借鉴。
The ratio of window to wall not only affects the beauty and lighting of the building, but also has a significant impact on the cooling and heating load of the building. This article takes a typical office building in Qingdao as an example, uses De ST building thermal simulation software to establish a typical office building model, using orthogonal experimental design methods, thermal simulation of the building model under different levels of factors, study different orientations and windows Wall effect on building load. The results show that the order of the orientations that have a greater impact on the building load is: east-west, south-north, and northward, and the ratios of suitable south-to-west, east-west, and north-direction window and walls are 0.38, 0.36, and 0.23, respectively. The research results of this paper are based on JGJ 26-2010 “Design Standards for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Cold and Cold Regions”, which provides a useful reference for the determination of reasonable window-to-wall ratios for public buildings.