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本世纪六十年代以来,随着有机合成新技术的发展、现代分离和分析方法的采用,使数以万计的金属有机和元素有机化合物相继问世。它们独特的理化性质和生物活性被用作优良的新试剂、新催化剂、新药物及新材料等,直接或间接地服务于工业、农业、医疗、国防以及人民生活的各个领域。现已证明,周期表中几乎所有的元素都能与碳形成化合物或配合物,对这一领域的兴趣、研究和发掘,在化学“王国”中开辟了一个“新天地”。对金属有机化合物和元素有机化合物的划分,至今还没有统一的标准。但公认由碳与氢、氧、氮、硫、氯、溴及碘所形成的化合物不属此列。历史上曾广义地将碳与其它元素所形成的化合物统称为元素有机化合物。近年来,许多报道认为,元素有机化合物只指碳与磷、硅、氟及硼等非金属元素所形成的化合物或配合物。而碳与上述之外的所有元素形成的化合物或配合物均称为金属有机化合物。并派生出元素有机化学(Elemental Organic Chem-istry)和金属有机化学或有机金属化学(Organometallic Chemistry)。目前,它们已经成为无机化学和有机化学之间独立的、比较成熟的边缘学科。
Since the 1960s, with the development of new technologies in organic synthesis, the adoption of modern methods of separation and analysis has led to the advent of thousands of organometallic and organic compounds. Their unique physical and chemical properties and biological activity are used as excellent new reagents, new catalysts, new drugs and new materials, etc., serving directly, or indirectly, in various fields of industrial, agricultural, medical, defense and people’s livelihoods. Almost all elements of the periodic table have been shown to form compounds or complexes with carbon, and interest, research and discovery in this area have opened up a “new world” in the chemical “kingdom.” There is no uniform standard for the partition of organometallics and organic compounds. However, it is recognized that compounds formed from carbon and hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, bromine and iodine are not listed here. Historically, the compounds formed by carbon and other elements have been collectively referred to as elemental organic compounds. In recent years, many reports believe that the organic compounds only refers to the carbon and phosphorus, silicon, fluorine and boron and other non-metallic elements formed by the compounds or complexes. The compounds or complexes of carbon with all the elements other than those described above are all referred to as metal organic compounds. And derive from Elemental Organic Chemistry and Organometallic Chemistry. At present, they have become independent and mature edge disciplines between inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry.