举证责任问题是证据理论乃至诉讼理论的中心问题之一。在我国,不仅在立法上疏漏颇多,而且多年来学界和实务界也争论不休。在实务典型案例中,不同地区法院适用不同举证规则做出不同的判决,引起很多非议。文章针对四种典型案例进行了法理的分析,尝试性地提出一些举证责任分配规则及其例外规则,以此规范法官的自由裁量权,将四种典型案例中的举证责任进行统一化和法定化。 The issue of burden of proof is one of the central issues in evidence theory and litigation theory. In our country, not only is there a lot of omissions in the legislation, but academic and practical circles have also been arguing for many years. In the typical case of practice, courts in different regions apply different rules of proof to make different judgments, arousing much criticism. The article analyzes the four typical cases of jurisprudence, tentatively puts forward some rules of allocating the burden of proof and its exceptions to regulate the judge’s discretion, the four typical cases of the burden of proof unified and statutory .