国内外有关统计资料表明:肺癌的发病率和死亡率与日俱增,但对肺癌的治疗仍不满意。尽管世界各国都把肺癌的防治列为重要的研究课题,并作了大量细致的工作,然而肺癌病人的5年生存率却只有5～10％上下。肺癌虽然是可以预防的,但目前尚无有效措施。为了改善病人的预后,“三早”(早期发现、早期诊断与早期治疗)是关键。迄今,X线检查仍然是肺癌早期发现与早期诊断的重要手段之一。本文仅就肺癌的早期发现与X线诊断等有关问题作一综述。 Statistics at home and abroad show that the incidence and mortality of lung cancer are increasing day by day, but they are still not satisfied with the treatment of lung cancer. Although all countries in the world have listed lung cancer prevention as an important research topic and have done a lot of meticulous work, the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is only about 5-10%. Although lung cancer can be prevented, there are currently no effective measures. In order to improve the patient’s prognosis, “three mornings” (early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment) are the key. So far, X-ray examination is still one of the important methods for the early detection and early diagnosis of lung cancer. This article reviews only the issues related to early detection and X-ray diagnosis of lung cancer.